Thursday, 23 October 2025

How to develop fluency in the unprepared conversation for the GCSE ORAL exam.

Yesterday I wrote a blog in respond to AQA new guidance to mark the unprepared conversation. Following the signs of times: u turns a as norm, that guidance has been scrapped. This is great news for the reasons I elaborated on yesterday, mainly, the impact that such guidance would have on less able students. 

I did also create a mark scheme for teachers to use when carrying out the mocks. The sheet, although would need to get rid of the number of questions element, can still be used and it may save time. You can get it here. Click here. Despite this positive change, there is a clear emphasis, and rightly so, to avoid rote learning and extending your answers, without preparing monologues! 

As mentioned in the second part of my blog yesterday, these are the two strategies we have adopted in our department to teach students to think in their feet and not relying on pre learned questions.

The extended element. The rule of three 

                                                    
AQA was always very honest about their definition of  very well extended, good and limited extended answers, which I found very helpful. That’s why in our department we have been teaching students to use the rule of 3, even for foundation students who only need to extend their answers with two clauses (having conjugated verbs).The rule of 3 is simple. For each question you are asked, apart from the roleplay, always give three pieces of information using a verb. To mechanise the process and not pre learn answers, we use, as we used in the previous GCSE syllabus, the 5 Magic Powers, which are embedded in our curriculum and mark schemes since Y7. They are:

Using more than one tense

Giving opinions 

Giving reasons

Talking about someone else or using reported speech

Using high impact expressions

Every single topic we teach, aims to cover the 5 Magic Powers in the productive skills. The rule of 3 is tightly linked to this: every question must have reference to at least 3 Magic Powers:  

¿te gusta el fútbol? Me gusta el fútbol (opinión) porque me ayuda a relajarme (reason + high impact expression) Antes solía jugar al fútbol también (two tenses used + high impact expression used with solía). That is a well extended answer by AQA definition for Higher tier and I know that many of my Foundation students can produce something like this too.  

Students have many ways to use the Magic Powers, which are transferable to any topic/theme avoiding having to learn answers to questions by heart. We use this 5  Magic Powers Poster for students to stick in their bedrooms and are constantly referred to in lessons, especially, to coach students on using clever ways to avoid conjugating a verb if they forget the endings: using suelo/ solía/ me gustaría/ decidí/ empecé a/ voy a/ + infinitive.  

Follow up Questions Structures 

We created an oral booklet, a copy of which can be found here. In the booklet there are potential questions per topic BUT in lessons, we don’t only practise these questions, we also extensively practise the FOLLOW UP QUESTIONS STRUCTURES. This is a nice FIPPLITY activity to go with it. 

The Follow up Questions Structures are meant to move students from learning answers by heart. They are a set of questions that can be applied to any topic and when used in lessons, especially with MWBs to start with, together with the 5 Magic Powers, not only they help students to achieve fluency in oral and written skills but they are also an excellent tool for retrieval practice. The structures are:

¿Te gusta  el fútbol/ tu colegio/tu ciudad/tu amigo etc… as many possibilities as you want for any topic it can include a noun or an Infinitive ver vídeos de TikTok

¿Antes te gustaba…..?

¿Te gustaría….?

¿Qué opinas de…?

¿Cómo es….?

¿Cómo era..?

¿Cómo sería…?

¿Qué haces….?

¿Qué hiciste…..el año pasado/ayer?

¿Qué te gustaría hacer para….?

¿Cuál es tu……favorito/a?

¿Quién es tu…..favorito/a?

¿Prefieres….o….?

Once you combine the follow up questions structures along all 9 topics, you can ask 100s of questions and impossible to learn by heart each combination, but using the structures is an incredibly powerful tool, if practised enough alongside the 5 Magic Powers, to answer any unprepared question and extend answers, especially for lower strainer students, which contributes to experiencing success.  

By using these tools, I am confident that spontaneity and fluency can be achieved with step by step modelling and practice! 

Have a wonderful half term!


Wednesday, 22 October 2025

AQA 2026 New Guidance on the Oral Mark Scheme. Thoughts and tools for success

Half term is nearly here for everyone and in kind of typical "last minute", "wait-for-your-busiest time" moment, last week, AQA announced their new guidance to mark the unprepared conversation after the photocards description. The time to announce this guidance, was not the best: by the end of term 1 when teachers feel tired and may be overwhelmed. 

This vital information should have been announced in September or, even better, last year, when all teachers embarked on teaching the new GCSE syllabus. 

The new guidance has created some upheave in the MFL teaching community and I can see why. 


The guidance clearly stipulates the amount of questions that teachers need to ask on the day of the exam and the amount of extension that is required  to award different marks. I can see how AQA wants to be crystal clear about what is required to achieve specific marks and, most importantly, wants to avoid students pre learning answers to questions or rote learning. 

I get it. However, in doing so at this stage, AQA may have created both, stress for the teacher conducting the exam, and for students, specially lower attainers and SEN pupils, who had chosen languages as one of their options, even though, “everyone knows how hard they are”. 

Why is that? 

Let's focus on the MFL teacher. Up to recently, when conducting the oral exam, teachers had to make sure stuck to the stipulated time, asked appropriate questions for a given theme and tried to get the best out of students with skilful question technique. 

Now, the MFL teacher will have to deal with another layer: to count/tick how many questions are actually asked. Basically, minimum of 17 questions for Higher and 12 for Foundation. Although it does not seem much, is another element added to a highly stressful situation: the conduct of the exam. However, it can be easily overcome with a good preparation sheet on the day. 

I have created the following sheet to print for each candidate to help us conduct and mark mock exams, and which can be used/ adapted for the real exam to tick on boxes as we ask students questions for the unprepared conversation after describing the photocards.  Click here.

From the point of view of the student, this new piece of information is not about ticking boxes, but a much more pronounced shift. Based on the guidance, which had been published so far and my own teaching experience, I had been reassuring students not to worry about the amount of questions they will be asked on the day, as it is not about hitting a magic number of questions, but, talking, clearly and confidently for a specific period of time. My focus has always been on increasing confidence in students and minimise panic factors while creating positive attitudes to learning: a "I can do" attitude.  Having a specific number of questions to answer on the day, minimum of 12 for Foundation students, may be a big worry factor for lower attainer students. 

Students, including those with SEN, can, indeed, do very well in the oral exam. However, having to answer 12 questions, in the stipulated time, may prove a little bit too much for some, because SEN and lower attainer students tend to need more time to think due to processing difficulties. This new variable may lead to anxiety and underperforming. 

Under this new guidance, I could ask students 6 questions, not 12, where answers may be well extended, as described by AQA, and students may use a good variety of vocabulary, however, automatically, students won’t qualify for the top marks in AO1, as only 6 questions were asked. 

I was always confident I could get the most out of my students, but specially foundation tier, by asking skilful questions, getting them at ease and promote extended answers, by asking follow up questions such as: why? And what is your opinion on that? If extended answers are not naturally delivered by the pupils. Up to now, it was the whole performance in the general conversation that counted, independently on the number of questions asked. 

There was a choice: some students would benefit from fewer questions, because they needed extra time to process information, and others from more questions to get a particular grade. That choice is not available anymore, as all students will need to ask a set number of questions to reach a certain mark. 

This may have deep consequences on our less able students who need more time to process/produce information. This may, paradoxically lead to more rote learning as students will feel they need to be fast giving their answers and what’s the best way to do so? By learning model answers!! Although I understand the rationale behind AQA's announcement, moving away from-time only based conversations to a specific number of questions + time conversations may not be the best way to avoid rote learning and make GCSE languages accessible to all.

The extended element. The rule of three 

                                                    
AQA was always very honest about their definition of  very well extended, good and limited extended answers, which I found very helpful. That’s why in our department we have been teaching students to use the rule of 3, even for foundation students who only need to extend their answers with two clauses (having conjugated verbs).The rule of 3 is simple. For each question you are asked, apart from the roleplay, always give three pieces of information using a verb. To mechanise the process and not pre learn answers, we use, as we used in the previous GCSE syllabus, the 5 Magic Powers, which are embedded in our curriculum and mark schemes since Y7. They are:

Using more than one tense

Giving opinions 

Giving reasons

Talking about someone else or using reported speech

Using high impact expressions

Every single topic we teach, aims to cover the 5 Magic Powers in the productive skills. The rule of 3 is tightly linked to this: every question must have reference to at least 3 Magic Powers:  

¿te gusta el fútbol? Me gusta el fútbol (opinión) porque me ayuda a relajarme (reason + high impact expression) . Antes solía jugar al fútbol también (two tenses used + high impact expression used with solía). That is a well extended answer by AQA definition for Higher tier and I know that many of my Foundation students can produce something like this too.  

Students have many ways to use the Magic Powers, which are transferable to any topic/theme avoiding having to learn answers to questions by heart. We use this 5  Magic Powers Poster for students to stick in their bedrooms and are constantly referred to in lessons, especially, to coach students on using clever ways to avoid conjugating a verb if they forget the endings: using suelo/ solía/ me gustaría/ decidí/ empecé a/ voy a/ + infinitive.  

Follow up Questions Structures 

We created an oral booklet, a copy of which can be found here. In the booklet there are potential questions per topic BUT in lessons, we don’t only practise these questions, we also extensively practise the FOLLOW UP QUESTIONS STRUCTURES. This is a nice FIPPLITY activity to go with it. 

The Follow up Questions Structures are meant to move students from learning answers by heart. They are a set of questions that can be applied to any topic and when used in lessons, especially with MWBs to start with, together with the 5 Magic Powers, not only they help students to achieve fluency in oral and written skills but they are also an excellent tool for retrieval practice. The structures are:

¿Te gusta  el fútbol/ tu colegio/tu ciudad/tu amigo etc… as many possibilities as you want for any topic it can include a noun or an Infinitive ver vídeos de TikTok

¿Antes te gustaba…..?

¿Te gustaría….?

¿Qué opinas de…?

¿Cómo es….?

¿Cómo era..?

¿Cómo sería…?

¿Qué haces….?

¿Qué hiciste…..el año pasado/ayer?

¿Qué te gustaría hacer para….?

¿Cuál es tu……favorito/a?

¿Quién es tu…..favorito/a?

Once you combine the follow up questions structures along all 9 topics, you can ask 100s of questions and impossible to learn by heart each combination, but using the structures is an incredibly powerful tool, if practised enough alongside the 5 Magic Powers, to answer any unprepared question and extend answers, especially for lower strainer students, which contributes to experiencing success.  

By using these tools, I am confident that our students will be able to cope, in theory, with 12-17 unprepared oral questions, hence this post! However, I also believe that moving from time to number of questions based conversations may, paradoxically lead to rote learning if this aspect of the exam is not tackled efficiently and students feel under pressure to answer a specific number of questions.



Friday, 29 August 2025

Maximising AI: Using Gemini Storybook Gem and Brisk together

Next week we are starting the new academic year and we will be planning first lessons for all our classes. After analysing GCSE exam results, this is exactly what I am doing this week: planning my first lessons in GoogleClassroom. 

In the case of KS3 (Y8 and Y9) I always like starting the first lesson setting the expectations of the class, what is our motto and why "Languages, a life skill to achieve", going through all the apps we will be using and making sure they can log in properly, (Sentence Builders, Languagenut, Quizlet) and a quick revision, about two lessons, on the work carried out last year. What can the students remember?

This year, I have also planned to carry out a reading activity to revise key vocabulary and grammar learned last year. Will my students remember any??? 

For that, I have used the assistance of AI, and inspired by Joe Dale, I created a PhotoStory for my lesson boosted by Brisk. I am planning, first, to read the story as a whole class, asking students to read aloud, asking them key questions on the text and while students use their MWBs to interact with me while reading the text. 

To create my resources, this is the process I followed with links to the final activities, all created within minutes, using Gemini AI and Brisk Teaching.

1. I went to Gemini AI, PhotoStory GEM option. Once I was there, I gave Gemini the following prompt:  "Create a Photostory for Y9 students of Spanish, in Spanish, using the vocabulary in the attached document. Make sure the story is engaging for 13 year old students".

I uploaded my Sentence Builder Booklet in PDF format, containing all the sentence builders learned by my students in Y7 and Y8.  Gemini created the following storybook, "El verano de nuestros sueños"

2. I opened the storybook so it showed on my screen, and opened Brisk from my Chrome Google Extensions bar. Once Brisk was open, I clicked on "Create" and "Forms" and I used the following prompt: "Create a reading comprehension quiz (20 multiple choice questions and two short answer questions) in English about the photostory that is showing on the screen".  

Within seconds, Brisk created this Form. I thought it was pretty good! 

3. As I want to support my students when carrying out the activity, I clicked on "Boost Activity" "Tutoring Option" in Brisk. This option makes the whole difference!! Once clicked, Brisk creates a task, which you can just share with your class, where the students carry out the previous Reading Comprehension Quiz, but now, with the help of a virtual Tutor which will guide them through the process.  

The final activity to share with students, using "Boost Activity" in Brisk, looks like this. 

The whole process took minutes!!! 

Overall, I am very happy with the result: The Storybook is engaging and looks like a book!!  I can exploit the text, traditionally, while sharing the link with my students in GoogleClassroom and then expect students to work independently with Forms and having the Tutoring option for help.  

Friday, 22 August 2025

After GCSE results day: strategic thinking to “feed forward”

Congratulations to all departments for your GCSE results! 

Whatever your students got, remember, not YOU, it is important to analyse the data, to celebrate success, to look at trends, to identify strongholds and weak links. At Princess Risborough we are extremely happy, as students performed above national overage for MFL and they obtained the results we had predicted, which is extremely important, to avoid nasty surprises on results day!!

It is important and fascinating to look at the data provided by the exam boards, for example, using Centre Services in AQA. You can analyse results by skill, but also by question: which part of the writing or oral exams did your students struggle with? Which particular questions in the Listening and Reading papers were challenging or very accessible? Why? 

Although next year our students will sit a different exam format, still this information is extremely valuable to practise skills and make realistic and spot on predictions in your next cohort of Y11 students. 

If your department is lucky enough to have different groups/classes per language, can you spot a trend in performance among classes, which may lead to teaching and learning issues and approach? This can then be addressed in CPD for your department. Can you notice trends in relation to gender and tiers? 

This information will be key for your school departmental results analysis and will help you analyse trends and most importantly, identify an action plan to boost grades and overall performance in all your students. 

Once trends have been identified, think about which skills students performed the best at and why and which skills were the weakest. 

How are you going to tackle the weakest areas in your department? 

Here are some strategies that have worked for me over the years and will help your new Y11 students to prepare for the next exams in June 2026.

Tackling Listening an Reading skills 

In our case, these two skills seem to be the weakest links year after year, mainly because of the mismatch between the language we teach for productive skills and the language students encounter, in very different contexts, in the Reading and Listening papers. This issue is meant to be corrected with the new GCSE for MFL and the introduction of specific vocabulary lists to be revisited within a variety of topics. 

Nevertheless, these papers are all about exam skill and getting used to the type of language that students will encounter in the exam. 

To overcome this issue, dedicate, as a department, one lesson every two weeks to independent listening and reading practice.

To start with, you will need to do this as a whole class. Get past papers questions, for example from the questions that students found the most challenging from your this year analysis. Even though we are dealing with a new GCSE syllabus, model with your class how to tackle the questions, by using the strategy “I do, we do, you do” and progressively expecting students to work independently in class. 

For this, have a set of headphones in your department, or ask students to bring theirs together with their own device so they can carry out listening tasks, independently: going forward, backwards or even manipulating the speed of the audio. 

Give students the transcript of any task,  so that they can read and listen to the audio material. Create your own listening tasks with fill in the gaps, fill in the gaps without gaps, so you make students focus on key words which they normally find difficult to identify.  

Give students the mark scheme so that they can mark their work and reflect on their performance. 

However, the most important thing is for students to make a note of new vocabulary encountered in these questions, add it to their Quizlet lists, or their vocab books. Then ask them to revise the list every so often. It is important to make students aware of how different words appear in different contexts!!!

Tackling writing and oral skills

Dedicate another lesson every two weeks to timed writing tasks to be carried out in exam conditions. These sessions are vital in Y11 and will allow you to start revising Y10 topics as from September. 

I give students a writing question, one for Foundation and one for Higher, based on past topics and students prepare it as h/w, in our case, making sure they use our 5 Magic Powers in their answers. 

This forces students to revise past topics, key vocab, structures and grammar! Then, in exam conditions and for 30 minutes, they carry out the task in class. 

It is important to mark these tasks as soon as possible using the official mark scheme for your board and to give students feedback while sharing the mark scheme with them. 

This will allow students to become familiar with mark schemes and will make them aware of what is needed to achieve a particular grade. 

At this point, it is vital that students see the link between the writing and the oral exams!!! 

When they revise for these writing tasks, strategically set by you, they are also revising and learning potential questions for the oral paper! 

This takes me to how to boost oral performance: 

After spending 30 minutes carrying out the timed writing task, students can use the other 30 minutes to revise oral skills on the same topic as their writing task.  

The way I do this successfully, is by using MWBs.

I show two photocards in the screen and students write in their MWBs what they would say about the photos.  Remember that in the new GCSE, students will have 15 minutes preparation time when they can take notes which they can take to the exam room.  This technique prepares them to make good use of that time, quickly! As I only give them 3 minutes to write possible answers before shouting “Boards up”. 

After that, I ask questions in Spanish on the theme in relation to the photos and students write down what they would say. This really helps students to gain confidence before moving to individual oral practice in pairs! 

Using Mizou has been a revelation for this technique, as students can practise individually their oral skills!  I have crated courses in Mizou for all topics covered so far in Y10 with potential/model questions that students may encounter in the actual oral exam. These are always available in Google Classroom and will form a key element of revision before their oral exam. 

As the year progresses, you may practise the Roleplay and Reading Aloud components of the oral exam, as a whole class or in pairs carrying out different games. 

The important thing is to link the writing question that students prepare for h/w, with the oral practice tasks that you plan for these sessions. 

This means that one lesson every week, is used for students to practise specific skills: either reading with listening or writing with speaking. 

To carry out these tasks you may use external platforms such as Languagenut too but just by using past questions using a platform such as Exampro or ExamWizard is just enough. 

In fact we believe so much in the power of consciously teaching listening, that at KS3, students have a lesson every two weeks dedicated to independent listening practice. 

Finally, think of the power of departmental CPD: what about requesting a recall of papers at different grades to analyse them as a team? 

Does your team need training on the use of AI to boost teaching and learning in your department?

 For example by learning how to use Mizou, Brisk, Diffit, ChatGPT or Gemini for Google. There’s a very interesting tool in Gemini to create photo stories based on given vocabulary which will allow students to practise reading for pleasure using GCSE vocabulary away from the exam context! 

Remember, that we are teachers of languages to communicate and although we teach GCSE courses, the maximum goal should always be reaching Proficiency at the language to Communicate. 

Sunday, 18 May 2025

New GCSE Y10: Sequencing our Curriculum Map and access to new Teaching Resources

Like everyone in England, I have spent this academic year revamping our department Curriculum Map and Learning Journey to reflect the demands of the new GCSE.  I viewed the whole process as an opportunity to revise not only our curriculum for KS4 but also for KS3, while we redesigned new and more up-to-date teaching and learning resources for our Y10 students. 

At Princes Risborough School, we follow AQA. I do not like relying on textbooks for the delivery of lessons, but as this was a new syllabus, we decided to choose a textbook, which we could use to mainly, for reading and listening purposes. We went for the Pearson's textbook for AQA. 

Next step was to design our new curriculum for KS4 without depending on the structure of a given textbook, neither on the order of themes as per the AQA syllabus. In order to decide our curriculum map, it was important to think about our own school’s context, the depth of topics covered at KS3 so that we could determine a sequence of topics that would best suit our students, not the textbook or the AQA syllabus. This sequence may well be very different for another school.

The Sequence

In our case we decided to teach:

Term 1: Technology and Free Time + Assessment 1

Term 2: Celebrities and Holidays/Tourism

Term 3: Family/Relationships + big input on the oral exam and End of Year Exam 

It is worth mentioning that we started teaching the GCSE course after May half term when our Y10 students were still in Y9, as students at Insignis Academy Trust, get a new timetable and start their GCSE choice subjects in the last 6/7 weeks of the Summer term. 

During these 6/7 weeks, we covered the topic of Festivals with a big emphasis on La Tomatina as our star festival. 

Why this sequence?

As I mentioned the topics were driven by our school context and our KS3 Curriculum Map, to ensure progression. In Y9 students had been studying, mainly, the topics of Holidays and Tourism, so we felt that it would be great to start Y10 with something completely new to move away from fatigue. 

Throughout KS3, all topics covered, referred to talking about myself, so we thought it would be nice to start the GCSE course in Y9, following the pattern of holidays but in relation to a festival that students attended or would like to attend and which would require them to describe what people normally do there, moving away from "myself" and focussing on third persons: People tend to....

Following the pattern of talking about myself but starting to describe what others do, starting Y10 with the topic of technology was a good choice: it needed substantial new vocabulary while still being loyal to our 5 Magic Powers of key structures and will allow students to talk about themselves but also about third persons: technology can.... technology could...

The topic Free time really followed the path led by Technology, but it would require going back to talking about myself, the topic was also extensively covered in Y8, so we could start getting pace. 

After talking and understanding information about hobbies, learning about Celebrities made sense: a topic which, again, allowed us to move away from the myself realm and focus on another people achievements: the celebrities in different tenses.

Finally, after Celebrities, it made sense to go back to Holidays and Tourism and revisit all the vocab/structures learned during Y9; to finish Y10 with the topic of Family, revising key vocab learned in Y7, and take such vocab to a new dimension, as students could use previous  vocab in new contexts, to express a special occasion celebrated as a family, or activities they do together as a family, or what their family members had achieved, revisiting the vocab of Celebrities in a new context. 

I believe this Curriculum Map has worked for us. 

We have created two documents to go with the curriculum map:

A vocab/sentence builder booklet for students: 

An oral booklet based on the sample material published by AQA. 

GCSE Oral Booklet 

To access SoWs and curriculum maps for the new GCSE, click here

To access all our Teaching and Learning slides, following the sentence builders in the booklet and our SoW, click here. 

I created a Teaching & Learning Sequence for each topic, comprising around 50/60 slides per topic, with Listening, Reading and Oral material incorporated in the sequence. Writing tasks and materials created for our independent, listening lessons, once every two weeks, are not in the sequence. 

Curriculum Maps will change from school to school as they take into account the progression from KS3, the school context and the need to revisit vocabulary in different contexts. 

What is your curriculum map for KS4? Why have you chosen to teach a specific sequence of topics in a particular order? 

How to develop fluency in the unprepared conversation for the GCSE ORAL exam.

Yesterday I wrote a blog in respond to AQA new guidance to mark the unprepared conversation. Following the signs of times: u turns a as norm...